Caring for a loved one with dementia or Alzheimer’s presents many challenges, but one of the most frustrating and emotionally draining experiences is sundowning syndrome. If your loved one becomes more agitated, restless, or confused in the late afternoon or evening, you are not alone. Sundowning is a common symptom of dementia, and while it can be distressing, there are ways to manage it effectively.
At Reliant Home Care Services, we understand how overwhelming it can be to see these behavioral changes. By learning why sundowning happens and how to respond, you can create a more calm and structured environment that eases distress for both you and your loved one.
What Is Sundowning Syndrome?
Sundowning syndrome refers to a pattern of increased confusion, anxiety, agitation, and sometimes aggression that occurs later in the day. It is most common in people with Alzheimer’s and other forms of dementia. While the exact cause is not fully understood, researchers believe it is linked to disruptions in the body’s internal clock, which regulates sleep and wake cycles.
According to studies, up to 20% of individuals with Alzheimer’s experience sundowning. The symptoms often worsen as the disease progresses, making late afternoons and evenings particularly challenging for caregivers.
You may notice that your loved one becomes more disoriented, restless, or even paranoid as the sun sets. Some may pace, repeatedly ask questions, or become unusually irritable. Others may have difficulty sleeping, which can lead to exhaustion and increased confusion the next day.
Why Does Sundowning Happen?
There is no single cause for sundowning, but several factors may contribute to its onset. Disruptions in the sleep cycle often play a role, as dementia affects the brain’s ability to regulate rest. As daylight fades, shadows and dim lighting can create confusion and fear, making familiar spaces feel unfamiliar or even threatening.
Fatigue can also be a trigger. If your loved one has had a busy or overstimulating day, they may struggle to process information, leading to increased frustration and agitation. Additionally, unmet needs such as hunger, thirst, or pain can heighten irritability in the evening hours.
How to Manage Sundowning Syndrome
While sundowning can be challenging, there are effective strategies to help minimize its impact and create a more peaceful routine for your loved one.
A consistent daily routine can provide structure and reduce anxiety. Keeping wake-up times, meal schedules, and bedtime routines predictable helps create a sense of security. Engaging your loved one in calming activities in the afternoon, such as listening to soothing music, looking through photo albums, or enjoying quiet conversation, can also help ease restlessness before the evening hours begin.
Lighting plays a crucial role in reducing confusion. As the sun sets, turning on lights throughout the home can help prevent disorientation caused by shadows. Using warm, soft lighting instead of harsh overhead lights can create a more comfortable and relaxing atmosphere.
Minimizing noise and overstimulation in the evening can also be beneficial. Keeping the home environment quiet and free from loud television, excessive conversation, or sudden changes in activity can prevent sensory overload. If your loved one enjoys routine evening activities, such as watching a favorite show or having tea, maintaining those familiar habits can provide comfort.
Encouraging good sleep habits is essential, as poor rest can worsen sundowning symptoms. Limiting caffeine and sugar intake in the afternoon, ensuring your loved one gets gentle exercise during the day, and avoiding long naps can help promote better nighttime rest.
Providing gentle reassurance when your loved one becomes agitated is key. A calm, soothing tone can help ease distress. Holding their hand, offering a favorite blanket, or playing familiar music may also bring comfort. If they express confusion or paranoia, redirecting their attention to a positive or familiar activity can be more effective than trying to correct or argue.
When to Seek Additional Support
If sundowning symptoms become severe or unmanageable, additional support may be necessary. Professional in-home caregivers can assist with creating a structured environment, managing routines, and providing companionship, helping to reduce stress for both you and your loved one.
At Reliant Home Care Services, we understand the complexities of dementia care and offer compassionate, personalized support to ensure your loved one remains safe and comfortable at home.
Caring for Yourself as a Caregiver
Sundowning doesn’t just affect the person experiencing it—it also impacts you as a caregiver. It can be exhausting to manage late-day agitation, disrupted sleep patterns, and emotional distress. Remember that your well-being matters too. Taking breaks, seeking support from caregiver groups, and asking for help when needed can make a significant difference.
Caring for a loved one with dementia or Alzheimer’s is an emotional journey, but you do not have to navigate it alone. Understanding sundowning syndrome and using strategies to manage it can help bring greater peace and stability to your home.
If you need extra support or guidance, Reliant Home Care Services is here to help. Our experienced caregivers can provide specialized dementia care, assisting with daily routines, comfort strategies, and ensuring a safe and structured environment for your loved one. Contact us today to learn how we can support your family through the challenges of dementia care.